A 409.6T CPO switch has 4,096 potential single points of failure, and about 80% of data-center network issues are cleaning-related. The EBO MSA's answer: no contact, no contamination. Ten of its 48 suppliers are Taiwanese.

It takes fourteen kinds of engineers to build an optical module, and design is only half of them. The free section walks through what each of the fourteen functions does; the four hand-off interfaces that really set the pace of yield ramp are broken down in the paid section.